What extra costs could apply?
A foreign buyer may need cash for ordinary stamp duty, a foreign buyer surcharge and a FIRB application fee. Each has its own rules. In Queensland, AFAD is generally 8% of the foreign buyer’s share, so who owns the home can make a large difference to the budget.
I would confirm the proposed owners and the property before relying on a calculator total. Your solicitor checks purchase permission, duty and any relief. I check whether the loan and your savings cover the resulting budget.
Ordinary stamp duty
The price, state and each buyer’s concession eligibility affect this charge.
Foreign buyer surcharge
The state’s definition of a foreign buyer and their ownership share determine the starting point.
FIRB application fee
This is a separate federal fee. A qualifying exemption can remove the need for an application.
How foreign buyer duty works
Foreign buyer duty is an extra state or territory charge on certain residential purchases. It sits on top of ordinary transfer duty. A federal exemption from FIRB approval does not automatically remove the state surcharge.
| State or territory | General foreign purchaser surcharge |
|---|---|
| Queensland | 8% Additional Foreign Acquirer Duty (AFAD) |
| NSW | 9% surcharge purchaser duty |
| Victoria | 8% |
| Tasmania | 8% on residential property |
| Western Australia | 7% |
| South Australia | 7% |
| ACT and Northern Territory | No general foreign purchaser surcharge |
Surcharge rates by state
Queensland
- General foreign purchaser surcharge
- 8% Additional Foreign Acquirer Duty (AFAD)
NSW
- General foreign purchaser surcharge
- 9% surcharge purchaser duty
Victoria
- General foreign purchaser surcharge
- 8%
Tasmania
- General foreign purchaser surcharge
- 8% on residential property
Western Australia
- General foreign purchaser surcharge
- 7%
South Australia
- General foreign purchaser surcharge
- 7%
ACT and Northern Territory
- General foreign purchaser surcharge
- No general foreign purchaser surcharge
These are general surcharge rates. Citizenship, visa status, residence, the ownership structure and any relief still need checking. Ordinary duty, land tax and other ownership costs are separate. Read the Queensland duty guide or NSW duty guide for the state where you are buying.
Who counts as a foreign buyer?
For Queensland AFAD, a New Zealand citizen holding a Special Category Visa at the transaction is included in the permanent-resident definition. Queensland does not apply NSW’s 200-day test. QRO also has anti-avoidance rules for entering Australia to obtain an SCV for the purpose of avoiding AFAD.
NSW has its own residence tests and possible home-occupation exemption for eligible permanent residents and NZ citizens. Your solicitor needs to apply the correct state rules to each owner.
Use our visa buying eligibility guide and visa home loan hub to prepare your questions. The 444 visa guide explains the position for NZ buyers.
What changes when you buy with a partner?
On a $750,000 Queensland property bought 50/50, a foreign buyer’s $375,000 share produces $30,000 in AFAD at 8%, assuming no exemption or relief. Ordinary duty comes on top.
A qualifying purchase as joint tenants with a citizen, permanent visa holder or eligible NZ citizen spouse may be exempt from FIRB approval. The foreign spouse’s state duty position still needs checking.
Some lenders can consider one citizen or permanent resident spouse on title and both spouses on the loan. We check the borrowing arrangement while your solicitor explains ownership rights, beneficial interests and duty. Read our mixed-visa couples guide and partner visa guide before deciding who signs.
How much cash would your purchase need?
A $750,000 Queensland new-home budget
The table assumes a transaction from 1 August 2026, a $750,000 new home and no first-home concession. The eligible buyers qualify for the ordinary home concession; the sole temporary 482 buyer does not. It assumes that buyer needs an ordinary new-dwelling FIRB application and receives no AFAD relief.
| Cost | Eligible PR buyers | Temporary 482 buyer alone | Eligible citizen or PR sole owner |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ordinary transfer duty | $19,600 with home concession | $26,775 without home concession | $19,600 with home concession |
| AFAD | $0 | $60,000 | $0 |
| Indicative FIRB application fee | $0 | $15,600 | $0 |
| Total of these 3 charges | $19,600 | $102,375 | $19,600 |
The same house, three different buyers
Ordinary transfer duty
- Eligible PR buyers
- $19,600 with home concession
- Temporary 482 buyer alone
- $26,775 without home concession
- Eligible citizen or PR sole owner
- $19,600 with home concession
AFAD
- Eligible PR buyers
- $0
- Temporary 482 buyer alone
- $60,000
- Eligible citizen or PR sole owner
- $0
Indicative FIRB application fee
- Eligible PR buyers
- $0
- Temporary 482 buyer alone
- $15,600
- Eligible citizen or PR sole owner
- $0
Total of these 3 charges
- Eligible PR buyers
- $19,600
- Temporary 482 buyer alone
- $102,375
- Eligible citizen or PR sole owner
- $19,600
Under these assumptions, the difference is $82,775. That includes the $60,000 AFAD, $15,600 FIRB fee and $7,175 difference in ordinary duty. It excludes the deposit, registration, legal fees and other costs. A first-home buyer who qualifies for new-home duty relief would need a different calculation.
From 1 August 2026, each buyer must be an Australian citizen, permanent resident or specified foreign retiree to claim Queensland's home concession. A temporary 482 visa alone does not qualify, so that buyer generally pays standard duty plus 8% AFAD. An eligible co-owner may qualify on their own share, so a mixed purchase needs a separate calculation. Our Queensland first home owners grant guide explains the rule and how it differs from the grant.
How much does FIRB approval cost?
Where a separate foreign-investment application is required, the property value and application type determine the fee. These are the ordinary 2026-27 residential fees for property other than established dwellings.
| Consideration | Ordinary application fee |
|---|---|
| Less than $75,000 | $4,600 |
| $75,000 to $1 million | $15,600 |
| Above $1 million to $2 million | $31,300 |
| Above $2 million to $3 million | $62,600 |
| Above $3 million to $4 million | $93,900 |
| Above $4 million to $5 million | $125,200 |
An exemption certificate or a permitted established-dwelling application can have different fees. The ordinary established-dwelling fee from $75,000 to $1 million is $46,800. Paying a fee does not establish that you are allowed to buy the property.
Most foreign buyers are restricted from buying established homes until 30 June 2029, with limited exceptions. New homes and vacant land may be possible with approval and conditions. Our FIRB approval guide explains the exemptions, application and timing.
What should you check before making an offer?
Have your solicitor confirm the owners, ownership shares, property type and contract date. Ask for ordinary duty, any foreign surcharge and any FIRB fee to be shown separately. If you expect permanent residency soon, compare signing now with signing after the actual grant.
I can then compare the loan with your cash contribution. Start with our deposit calculator and lender reviews, and send us your visa, income, savings and target property for a free assessment.
Frequently asked questions
Sources
How this guide was checked
Queensland foreign-person and home-concession rules, federal purchase restrictions and the 2026-27 fee schedule were rechecked on 7 October 2026. The other state-rate sources are linked below. Have your solicitor confirm the current duty for the actual owners and contract date.
The article explains the assumptions behind the examples. A calculator estimate cannot confirm an exemption, concession or loan approval.
Sources
- Queensland general duty rates
- Queensland home concession rates
- Queensland home concession eligibility
- Queensland foreign-person definition
- Revenue NSW: surcharge duty for individuals
- Government foreign investment fee schedule, 2026-27
- Australian Government Budget: established-home ban extension
- Government residential investment guidance
- Victoria: foreign purchaser additional duty
- Tasmania: foreign investor duty surcharge rates
- Western Australia: transfer duty overview
- South Australia: foreign ownership surcharge
- QRO: SCV holders and AFAD
The budgets are worked examples and are not client outcomes, legal advice or duty assessments. They depend on the ownership, property and concession assumptions stated beside each table. General information only; obtain advice for your transaction.
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